Essentials of Life-Span Development

TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: Introduction THE LIFE-SPAN PERSPECTIVE The Importance of Studying Life-Span Development Characteristics of the Life-Span Perspective Some Contemporary Concerns THE NATURE OF DEVELOPMENT Biological, Cognitive, and Socioemotional Processes Periods of Development Conceptions of Age Developmental Issues THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT Psychoanalytic Theories Cognitive Theories Behavioral and Social Cognitive Theories Ethological Theory Ecological Theory An Eclectic Orientation RESEARCH IN LIFE-SPAN DEVELOPMENT Methods for Collecting Data Research Designs Time Span of Research Conducting Ethical Research CHAPTER 2: Biological Beginnings THE EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE Natural Selection and Adaptive Behavior Evolutionary Psychology GENETIC FOUNDATIONS OF DEVELOPMENT The Genetic Process Genetic Principles Chromosome- and Gene-Linked Abnormalities HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION: THE NATURE-NURTURE DEBATE Behavior Genetics Heredity-Environment Correlations The Epigenetic View Conclusions about Heredity-Environment Interaction PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT The Course of Prenatal Development Prenatal Tests Infertility and Reproductive Technology Hazards to Prenatal Development Prenatal Care Cultural Beliefs about Pregnancy BIRTH The Birth Process Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants Bonding The Postpartum Period CHAPTER 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy PHYSICAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INFANCY Patterns of Growth Height and Weight The Brain Sleep Nutrition MOTOR DEVELOPMENT Dynamic Systems Theory Reflexes Gross Motor Skills Fine Motor Skills SENSORY AND PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT Exploring Sensory and Perceptual Development Visual Perception Other Senses Intermodal Perception COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Piaget's Theory Learning, Remembering, and Conceptualizing LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Defining Language How Language Develops Biological and Environmental Influences CHAPTER 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy EMOTIONAL AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT Emotional Development Temperament Personality Development ATTACHMENT What Is Attachment? Individual Differences in Attachment Caregiving Styles and Attachment SOCIAL CONTEXTS The Family Child Care CHAPTER 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood PHYSICAL CHANGES Body Growth and Change Motor Development Nutrition Illness and Death COGNITIVE CHANGES Piaget's Preoperational Stage Vygotsky's Theory Information Processing LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Understanding Phonology and Morphology Changes in Syntax and Semantics Advances in Pragmatics EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Variations in Early Childhood Education Education for Children Who Are Disadvantaged Controversies in Early Childhood Education CHAPTER 6: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood EMOTIONAL AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT The Self Emotional Development Moral Development Gender FAMILIES Parenting Child Maltreatment Sibling Relationships and Birth Order The Changing Family in a Changing Society PEER RELATIONS, PLAY, AND TELEVISION Peer Relations Play Television CHAPTER 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late Childhood PHYSICAL CHANGES AND HEALTH Body Growth and Change Motor Development Exercise Health, Illness, and Disease CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Learning Disabilities Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Educational Issues COGNITIVE CHANGES Piaget's Cognitive Developmental Theory Information Processing Intelligence Interpreting Differences in IQ Scores Extremes of Intelligence LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Vocabulary and Grammar Metalinguistic Awareness Reading Bilingualism and Second Language Learning CHAPTER 8: Socioemotional Development in Middle and Late Childhood EMOTIONAL AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT The Self Emotional Development Moral Development Gender FAMILIES Parent-Child Issues Stepfamilies Latchkey Children PEERS Friends Peer Status Social Cognition Bullying SCHOOLS Contemporary Approaches to Student Learning Socioeconomic Status and Ethnicity Cross-Cultural Comparisons of Achievement CHAPTER 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence THE NATURE OF ADOLESCENCE PHYSICAL CHANGES Puberty The Brain Adolescent Sexuality ISSUES IN ADOLESCENT HEALTH Adolescent Health Substance Use and Abuse Eating Disorders ADOLESCENT COGNITION Piaget's Theory Adolescent Egocentrism Information Processing SCHOOLS The Transition to Middle or Junior High School Effective Schools for Young Adolescents High School Service Learning CHAPTER 10: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence THE SELF AND EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Self-Esteem Identity FAMILIES Autonomy and Attachment Parent-Adolescent Conflict PEERS Friendships Peer Groups Dating and Romantic Relationships CULTURE AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT Cross-Cultural Comparisons Ethnicity ADOLESCENT PROBLEMS Juvenile Delinquency Depression and Suicide The Interrelation of Problems and Successful Prevention/Intervention Programs CHAPTER 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood THE TRANSITION FROM ADOLESCENCE TO ADULTHOOD Becoming an Adult The Transition from High School to College PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT The Peak and Slowdown in Physical Performance Eating and Weight Regular Exercise Substance Abuse SEXUALITY Sexual Orientation and Behavior Sexually Transmitted Infections Forcible Sexual Behavior and Sexual Harassment COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Cognitive Stages Creativity CAREERS AND WORK Developmental Changes Personality Types Monitoring the Occupational Outlook The Impact of Work CHAPTER 12: Socioemotional Development in Early Adulthood STABILITY AND CHANGE FROM CHILDHOOD TO ADULTHOOD Temperament Attachment ATTRACTION, LOVE, AND CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS Attraction The Faces of Love Falling Out of Love ADULT LIFE STYLES Single Adults Cohabiting Adults Married Adults Divorced Adults Remarried Adults Gay and Lesbian Adults MARRIAGE AND THE FAMILY Becoming a Parent Making Marriage Work Dealing with Divorce GENDER, RELATIONSHIPS, AND SELF DEVELOPMENT Women's Development Men's Development CHAPTER 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood THE NATURE OF MIDDLE ADULTHOOD Changing Midlife Defining Middle Adulthood PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Physical Changes Health and Disease Mortality Rates Sexuality COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Intelligence Information Processing CAREERS, WORK, AND LEISURE Work in Midlife Career Challenges and Changes Leisure RELIGION AND MEANING IN LIFE Religion and Adult Lives Religion and Health Meaning in Life CHAPTER 14: Socioemotional Development in Middle Adulthood PERSONALITY THEORIES AND DEVELOPMENT Stages of Adulthood The Life-Events Approach Stress in Midlife Contexts of Midlife Development STABILITY AND CHANGE Longitudinal Studies Conclusions CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS Love and Marriage at Midlife The Empty Nest and Its Refilling Sibling Relationships and Friendships Grandparenting Intergenerational Relationships CHAPTER 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood LONGEVITY, BIOLOGICAL AGING, AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Longevity Biological Theories of Aging The Aging Brain Physical Development Sexuality HEALTH Health Problems Exercise, Nutrition, and Weight Health Treatment COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING Multidimensionality and Multidirectionality Use It or Lose It Training Cognitive Skills Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging WORK AND RETIREMENT Work Retirement in the United States and Other Countries Adjustment to Retirement MENTAL HEALTH Depression Dementia, Alzheimer Disease, and other Afflictions CHAPTER 16: Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood THEORIES OF SOCIOEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Erikson's Theory Activity Theory Socioemotional Selectivity Theory Selective Optimization with Compensation Theory PERSONALITY AND SOCIETY Personality Older Adults in Society FAMILIES AND SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS Life Style Diversity Older Adult Parents and Their Adult Children Friendship Social Support and Social Integration Altruism and Volunteerism ETHNICITY, GENDER, AND CULTURE Ethnicity Gender Culture Chapter 17: Death and Grieving DEFINING DEATH AND LIFE/DEATH ISSUES Issues in Determining Death Decisions Regarding Life, Death, andHealth Care DEATH AND SOCIOHISTORICAL, CULTURAL CONTEXTS Changing Historical Circumstances Death in Different Cultures FACING ONE'S OWN DEATH Kubler-Ross' Stages of Dying Perceived Control and Denial COPING WITH THE DEATH OF SOMEONE ELSE Communicating with a Dying Person Grieving Ma king Sense of the World Losing a Life Partner Forms of Mourning

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• Psicologia da criança e do desenvolvimento
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