Lost World of the Torah - Law as Covenant and Wisdom in Ancient Context

Introduction



Part I: Methodology


Proposition 1: The Old Testament Is an Ancient Document

Proposition 2: The Way We Interpret the Torah Today Is Influenced by the Way We Think Law and Legislation Work



Part II: Function of Ancient Near Eastern Legal Collections


Proposition 3: Legal Collections in the Ancient World Are Not Legislation

Proposition 4: Ancient Near Eastern Legal Collections Teach Wisdom

Proposition 5: The Torah Is Similar to Ancient Near Eastern Legal Collections and Therefore also Teaches Wisdom, not Legislation

Proposition 6: The Israelite Covenant Effectively Functions as an Ancient Near Eastern Suzerainty Treaty

Proposition 7: Holiness Is a Status, Not an Objective



Part III: Ritual and Torah


Proposition 8: Ancient Near Eastern Ritual Served to Meet the Needs of the Gods

Proposition 9: Ancient Israelite Ritual Serves to Maintain Covenant Order Because Yahweh Has No Needs



Part IV: Context of the Torah


Proposition 10: The Torah Is Similar to Ancient Near Eastern Legal Collections Because It Is Embedded in the Same Cultural Context, Not Because It Is Dependent on Them

Proposition 11: The Differences Between the Torah and the Ancient Near Eastern Legal Collections Are Found Not in Legislation but in the Order Founded in the Covenant

Proposition 12: Torah Is Situated in Context of the Ancient World

Proposition 13: Torah Is Situated in the Context of the Covenant

Proposition 14: Torah Is Situated in the Context of Israelite Theology Regarding Yahweh's Presence Residing Among Them



Part V: Ongoing Significance of the Torah


Proposition 15: Discussions of Law in the New Testament Do Not Tell Us Anything About Old Testament Torah in Context

Proposition 16: The Torah Should Not Be Divided into Categories to Separate Out What Is Relevant

Proposition 17: Torah Was Never Intended to Provide Salvation

Proposition 18: Divine Instruction Can Be Understood as a Metaphor of Health Rather than a Metaphor of Law

Proposition 19: We Cannot Gain Moral Knowledge or Build a System of Ethics Based on Reading the Torah in Context and Deriving Principles from It

Proposition 20: Torah Cannot Provide Prooftexts for Solving Issues Today

Proposition 21: The Ancient Israelites Would Not Have Understood the Torah as Providing Divine Moral Instruction

Proposition 22: A Divine Command Theory of Ethics Does Not Require that the Torah Is Moral Instruction

Proposition 23: Taking the Torah Seriously Means Understanding What It Was Written to Say, Not Converting It into Moral Law

Summary of Conclusions

Appendix: The Decalogue

Further Reading

Subject Index

Scripture Index

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